Carbonating apparatus



No. 609,238. I Patented Aug. I6, I898. E. E. MURPHY. GABBONATING APPARATUS. (Application filed Jan. 30, 1897. Renewed Nov. 26, 189].)

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CARBONATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Jan. 30, 1897. Renewed Nov. 26, 1897.) (No Model.)

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No. 609,238. Patented Aug. I6, I898.

' E. E. MURPHY.

CARBONATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Jan. 30, 1897. Renewed Nov. 26, 1897.)

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EDW'ARD E. MURPHY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE I NEIV ERA PROCESS COMPANY, OF NVEST VIRGINIA.

CARBONATING APPAR'ATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 609,238, dated August 16, 1898. Application filed January 30,1897. Renewed November 26, 1897. Serial No. 659,850. (No modelJ To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD E. MURPHY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oarbonating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for car bonating water and other liquids, and has for its object to provide a simple and efiicient automatic apparatus which shall insure a thorough mechanical combination between the liquid and the carbonic-acid gas, the car: bonating operation being controlled by the accumulation of carbonated liquid, ceasing when a predetermined quantity has accumulated, and going on when the accumulation is reduced, in which the condensation of the gas after it escapes from its tank or receptacle is prevented and in which the gas is utilized for the cooling of the water or other liquid prior to its being carbonated or commingled with the carbonic-acid gas.

The invention therefore consists in the improvements which I shall now proceed to describe in detail-and then point out in the claims hereto appended.

Reference is to be had to the annexed drawings, and to the letters marked thereon,'forming a part of this specification, the same letters designating the same parts or features, as the case may be, whereverthey occur.

Of the drawings, Figure 1 represents in side elevation an apparatus embodying my improvements, parts of the cooling-tank being illustrated in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of that part of the carbonating apparatus in which the liquid is commingled with the gas. Fig. 2" is a detail perspective view. Fig. 3

- view and partial side elevation taken from the side opposite that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. etis a section on line 4 4c of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a part of the apparatus hereinafter referred to. Fig. 6 represents a sectional view of the lower end of the carbonatin-g-chamber.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawings, a represents a reservoir or receptacle for the carbonated liquid which is is partial sectionalthe product of the apparatus to be described. The receptacle a, which is provided with a suitable outlet at, through which the carbon ated liquid may be drawn off for use, is surmounted by a dome b, which in turn is surmounted by a carbonating-chamber c, in

which the gas and liquid are mechanically combined. The upper portion of the chamber c is formed on the dome I), while the lower portion is within the dome and is formed by screwing the upper end of a tube 0' into a thread formed in the neck, which connect-s the dome with the upper portion of the chamber. The dome and chamber are thus telescoped and the height of the structure reduced to the minimum.

The chamber 0 is provided at its upper porsaid means as here shown comprising a nozzle 3 which communicates with the liquidinlet 8 and projects downwardly into the chamber 0, its lower end being provided with numerous small perforations, which deliver the liquid in fine streams, and a chamber or casing 0, which has a'contracted neck 0 at its upper end, receiving the nozzle 3 and separated from the latter by an annular space, said .neck oihaving orifices 9' communicating with the chamber 0 and receiving gas that enters said chamberthrough the gas-inlet s. The lower end of the nozzle .9 isv preferably located below the gas-admitting orifices 9' so that said nozzle to a certain extent acts as an injector, facilitating the passage of gas into the casing 0. The casing is provided with a metallic sponge composed of a series of layers o of wire-cloth, through which the gas'and liquid pass downwardly andby which-the liquid is minutely subdivided to faciliate the mechanical combination of the gas and liquid.

, the carbonating-chamber.

The mixture of gas and liquid may be dis charged directly from the casing 0 through a perforated bottom '6 upon another metallic sponge composed of a series of layers of wire- -cloth disks it, placed in the lower portion of the chamber 0. The perforations in the bottom of the casing 0 discharge streams of gas and water downwardly upon the wire disks u. The depth of the accumulation of wire disks u (constituting a wire sponge) is such that the water is sufficiently churned and agitated to cause it to give up the excess of gas before reaching the outlet 5 The gas thus liberated is prevented by the pressure in the reservoir a from passing downwardly through the outlet 8 and therefore remains in the carbonatingchamber. Thus in the event of the downward flow of the water being so rapid as to carry with it more gas than can be taken up while being mechanically mixed by the upper series of screens the agitation produced by the lower disks u is such as to insure the separation of the excess of gas.

In Fig. 5 I show a different construction of the mixing-casing o, in which said casing instead of having wire-cloth disks, as shown in Fig. 2, is provided with a cup 0 arranged to receive the liquid from the nozzle .9 and the accompanying gas. Said cup has its upper end screw-threaded and engaged with an internal thread in the casingo, its lower end being closed. The out-let of the cup is a series of orifices 0 in its upper portion. The liquid discharged by the nozzle is received by the cup and agitated byits forcible impact against the bottom of the cup, so that it is broken up and mechanically mixed with the gas nearly or quite as effectively as by the disks, the cup being a more substantial, durable, and easily installed and maintained agitating device than said disks.

The carbonated liquid escaping through the outlet 5 accumulates in the receptacle a, and thus has a tendency to expel from the liquid the air that may be contained therein in consequence of the greater affinity of the liquid for gas than for air. The air thus expelled accumulates in the upper portion of the dome I), which, as already stated, is caused by the downwardly-projecting portion 0 of the carbonating-chamber to act as an air-trap, preventing the air from passing upwardly into The air thus entrapped escapes through an air-blow-off valve 5 which is connected by a pipe .2 with the upper portion of the dome Z), said valve being adjustable, so that it will yield and permit the escape of air at any desired pressure.

Liquid is supplied to the liquid-inlet s from a source of supply by a steam-pump h, which is connected by a pipe 9 with a source of liquid-supply and by a suitable conduit with the inlet 3, said conduit as here shown comprising, first, a pipe '6, connected with the pump and receiving liquid therefrom; secondly, a coil j, connected with the pipe 2' and having its convolutions arranged on the bottom of a tank or receptacle, a part of which contains the liquid-receptacle a, while another part is adapted to receive a filling of ice, and has a grating which supports the ice over the coil 7'; thirdly, a pipe j, connected with the coil; fourthly, a valve-casing h, connected with the pipej; fifthly, a pipe Z,'connected with the casing h; sixthly, a passage a formed in the wall of the chamber 0 and connected with the pipe Z; and seventhly,

'a vertical casing f, the lower portion of which communicates with the passage 6L3, while its upper portion is connected by a passage on with the liquid-inlet s. The casing h contains a main valve 7L2, formed to close a seat, through which water passes to the pipe Z and normally held against said seat by a spring 71 aided by water-pressure on the upper side of a piston h on the stem of the valve 7L2, said piston fitting the casing somewhat loosely, so that water from the pipe 0 can pass around it into a chamber h in the upper portion of the casing. 71 is an auxiliary valve supported by a lever 71 which is pivoted at 7L8 to the valve-casing and is forked at its other end, Fig. 2, and connected with a fork h secured to the upper end of a stem or rod 7L9. Said rod passes through a guide-tube h which is affixed to the bottom of the chamber c and extends upwardly through the column of wire disks to in said chamber, the disks being held in place bya nut h screwed upon the upper end of the tube 71 A float h is attached to the rod h and is supported by the liquid in the reservoir a. When the float is raised, the auxiliary valve closes an outlet h from the chamber 71 causing an accum ulation of water-pressu re in said chamber, which, in connection with the spring 72, closes the valve b and shuts off water from the carbonating-ohamber o. Vt hen the float descends, the auxiliary valve opens the outlet h, whereupon the water that flows around the piston 71 escapes into the carbonatingchamber, relieving the pressure above the piston 72, so that the water-pressure below said piston raises it and opens the valve.

The casing h, its valves, and the float h constitute an automatic check-valve, which prevents an over-accumulation of carbonated liquid in the receptacle a. When the flow of liquid through the liquid-conduit is shut off by the described action of the automatic check-valve, the action of the steam-pump ceases. Any suitable steam-pump, such as the Knowles or the Blake, may be employed. Either type of pump mentioned is, as is well kriowinadapted to have its operation automatically checked when the outflow is shut off.

The gas is admitted to the inlet 8 from a suitable source of supply, which may be a generator or a flask (Z in which the liquefied gas under heavy pressure is stored, by means of a conduit comprising a pipe 6, connected with the flask (l or other source of gas-supply, a nozzle N, Fig. 3, connected with the pipe 6 and having a contracted bore or pas sage 1) formed at an angle, a chamber y, surmounting the casin g f and receiving the gas that enters through the nozzle b the latter passing through the Wall of the chamber y, a pipe 1:, connected by a coupling or fitting g with the chamber y and extending downwardly through the casin g f, and a helical extension 12 of said pipe extending upwardly through the casing f to the gas-inlet 3".

An automatic valve regulates the admission of gas to the chamber y from the nozzle W, said valve comprising a taper-pointed screw a,ad j ustably inserted in a yoke z,which is supported by a flexible diaphragm f in the upper portion of the chambery and is pressed downwardly by a spring d in a casing 6 atfixed to the top of the chamber y, the pressure of said spring being adjustable by means of ascrew 2 The diaphragm f is subjected to pressure of gas in the chambery, and when the pressure exceeds a predetermined degree the diaphragm is raised against the pressure of the spring d, causing the screw a to close the nozzle 19 It Will be observed that the fitting g,wl1ich forms the bottom portion of the chamber y, also forms the top of the casingf, which is a part of the liquid-conduit, so that the liquid in the casing f comes in contact with the fitting g'. The object of this arrangement is tov of the reduction of temperature due to the expansion of gas as it enters the chamber 3 Incidentally the liquid in performing this function has its temperature reduced, a result which is obviously desirable.

I do not limit myself to the details of construction of the various parts of the abovedescribed apparatus, as the same may be variously modified without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Fig. 6 shows the bottom a of the carbonating-chamber provided with small perforations 8 instead of the single outlet 5 said perforations delivering the liquid in the form of spray, so that the liquid is subjected to three spraying operationsfirst by the nozzle 8 then in the casing o, and finally by the bottom 0 I claim- 1. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a chamber or casing having a liquid-inlet, a gas-inlet, and an outlet for carbonated liquid; means in said casing for mechanically combining the liquid and gas which enter it, said means comprising an injector-,

nozzle; a carbonated-liquid receptacle communicating' with said outlet; a liquid-conduit connected with the liquid-inlet an automatic check-valve operated by an accumulation of carbonated liquid to close said conduit; and a steam-pump connected with the conduit and with a source of liquid-supply, the action of said pump being stopped by the closing of the automatic check-valve.

2. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a chamber or casing having a liquid-inlet, a gas-inlet, and means for mechanically combining liquid and gas admitted through said inlets; a liquid-conduit con nected with the liquid-inlet and including a casing or enlargement; and a gas-conduit connected with the gas-inlet and including a chamber having an automatic gas-valve, a portion of said gas-conduit passing through the casing f.

3. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a 'carbonating-chamber, a receptacle for carbonated liquid below the carbonating-chamber, and an intermediate air-trap having an automatic blow-off valve.

4:. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a carbonating-chamber, a carbonated-liquid receptacle below said chamber, an intermediate air chamber or space communieating with the liquid-receptacle,an elongated outlet extending from the carbonating-chamber below the upper portion of the air-charm her, and an automatic blow-otf valve connected with the air-chamber.

5. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a carbonated-liquid receptacle having a dome, a carbonating-chamber a portion of which is located above and a portion within said dome, and means for removing air from the dome.

6. An apparatus of the character specified,

comprising a carbonated-liquid receptacle having a dome, a carbonating-chambera portion of which is located above and a portion within said dome, the said carbonating-cham-- her having a guide in its lower portion, a float in the reservoir below the carbonating-chama her, a rod or stem on said float extending through said guide, a check-valve controlling the entrance of liquid into the carbonating-chamber, and connections between the float-rod and check-valve.

7. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a carbonating-chamber having a liquid-inlet and a gas-inlet, a casing within said chamber having provisions for receiving and mixing gas and liquid, a check-valve controlling the admission of liquid to said chamber and easing, a lever connected to said valve and forked at one end to partially embrace said casing, a liquid-receptacle below the carbonating-chamber and provided with a dome that incloses a part of the said chamber, a float in said liquid-receptacle,and a rod secured to the float and extending through a guide in the bottom of the carbonating-chamber, said rod having a fork at its upper end that partly embraces the casing in the carbonat-ing-chamber and is connected with the forked end of the lever.

8. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a carbonated-liquid receptacle having a dome, a carbonating-chamber a portion of which is located above and a portion ITO within said dome, a series of Wire disks in the lower portion of the casing, a tube atfixed to the bottom of the casing and projecting upwardly through the series of disks, and a disk-clamping device on the upper end of the tube.

9. In an apparatus of the character specified, a mechanical mixing device comprising a casing having means for the admission of liquid and gas to its upper portion, and discharge-orifices at its lower portion, and a cup located between the receiving and discharge ends of the casing and having a closed bottom and outlets above said bottom.

10. In combination with a closed receptacle, a valve-casin g on said receptacle and hav- -1ng a portion projecting into the interior of said receptacle, a liquid-inlet connected to said valve-casing, a liquid-conduit between the inner and outer portions of the valvecasing and opening into the interior of said receptacle, a main valve located in the portion of the valve-casing outside of the closed receptacle and controlling the main liquidpassage leading to said closed receptacle, an auxiliary valve located in the portion of the valve-casing within the closed receptacle and controlling the said liquid-conduit in the valve-casing and adapted upon closing said liquid-conduit to cause the closing of the main valve controlling the said main liquid-passage by the pressure of the liquid entering through said liquid-inlet, and a float within said receptacle arranged to act on said auxiliary valve which is adapted to close or open said liquid-conduit by the rise and fall of the float.

11. In combination with a closed receptacle, a valve-casing on said receptacle and having a portion projecting into the interior of said receptacle, a liquid-inlet connected to said valve-casing, a liquid-conduit between the inner and outer portions of the valvecasing and opening into the interior of said receptacle, a main valve located in the portion of the valve-casing outside of the closed receptacle and controlling the main liquidpassage leading to said closed receptacle, an auxiliary valve located in the portion of the valve-casing within the closed receptacle and controlling the said liquidconduit in the valve-casing and adapted upon closing said liquid-cond uit to cause the closing of the main valve controlling the said main liquid-passage by the pressure of the liquid entering through said liquid-inlet, a float within said receptacle arranged to act on said auxiliary valve which is adapted to close or open said liquid-conduit by the rise and fall of the float, and a steam-pump, the action of said pump being stopped by the closing of said liquidconduit by said auxiliary valve.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 23d day of January, A. D. 1897.

EDWARD E. MURPHY.

Witnesses:

A. D. HARRISON, P. WV. PEZZETTL 

